Since the ruler tells us how far the machine has actually jogged, we can calculate the error.Jog the machine by the length of the ruler, so that it reaches the other edge.Position the gantry or toolhead so that it is almost touching the ruler.Set it on the bed of the machine, parallel to the axis.Grab a ruler (or some other object of known length), ideally as long as the travel of the axis. #Stepper motor resolution calculator softwareThis is due to mechanical inaccuracies: maybe the stepper motor turns by 1.805° per step instead of 1.8°, or the belts are slightly off spec.įortunately, these problems can be fixed in software very easily: However, sometimes the accuracy is still slightly off. The calculations we have seen provide a good baseline to set up a machine. Here’s a tip: if you use UGS or CNC.js, you’ll see descriptions for each setting which otherwise are missing with Grbl v1.1 (due to the limited hardware on the Arduino Uno). If you want to know the current values, send the command $$ to view all the Grbl settings. #Stepper motor resolution calculator fullThe full list of Grbl settings is available here. #Stepper motor resolution calculator serialUse the serial console to set $100=N, $101=N, and $102=N, where N is the steps per mm we calculated: Command Open a G-code sender such as UGS, bCNC, Candle or CNC.js, and connect it to the controller. #Stepper motor resolution calculator how toHere’s how to set the steps/mm:Ĭonnect the machine to a computer via USB. Many hobby CNC machines run Grbl: for example the 3018 Pro, Shapeoko, X-Carve, and OpenBuild’s BlackBox controller. If you are compiling Marlin, the steps per unit can be set inside Marlin/Configuration.h (ctrl+F for DEFAULT_AXIS_STEPS_PER_UNIT): /** We can also get the current steps per unit with the M503 command. If you don’t, they will be reset to the previous values when the printer shuts down. Send the M500 command if you want to save these settings to EEPROM. Select the right port and connect to your 3D printerįor example, sending G92 X100 Y100 will set both the X and Y axes to 100 steps/mm. Install Pronterface, which is an awesome tool to control your 3D printer from any PC If your 3D printer runs Marlin, settings the steps/mm is simple even if the display doesn’t allow it: Now let’s see how to save the values we calculated to the machine firmware. If we use a 20t pulley with a 2 mm belt, each turn of the motor results in 40 mm of movement. Common values in 3D printing and small CNC machines are 16 or 20 teeth (16t / 20t).īy multiplying the belt pitch and the pulley teeth count, we know how far the gantry moves for one full turn of the stepper motor. The other parameter we need is the number of tooth in the pulley. GT2 belts typically have a tooth pitch of 2 mm (but not always: the “2” in GT2 does not indicate the pitch). More precisely, it’s the distance between the same feature on adjacent teeth, not the size of the gap between them: The de facto type of belts in the hobby space is the GT2 belt.īelt pitch is the distance between teeth. 3D printers, pick and place machines and pen plotters frequently use belts. This is the formula to calculate steps/mm for a GT2 timing belt:īelts are a popular choices when high feed rates and accelerations are desired. Keep in mind that a lead screw requires a nut that matches both its pitch and lead. Therefore, they have a lead between 2 and 8 mm. Most lead screws have a pitch of 2 mm and between 1 and 4 starts. On a multi-start screw, the pitch and lead are different: for example, a two-start screw with a pitch of 2 mm will have a lead of 4 mm (2*2). A single-start screw has only one helical tooth running through it. On some screws, the lead and pitch are the same: these are single start screws. The pitch is the distance between two adjacent teeth. For example, a screw with a lead of 2 mm will move a nut by 2 mm for each full turn.Ī screw’s lead is often different from the pitch. This is the formula to calculate steps/mm for a lead screw:Ī screw’s lead is the distance a nut moves per full revolution of the screw. Result: 0.00 steps per mm 1 full step = Infinity mm = Infinity micron 1 microstep = Infinity mm = Infinity micron Steps per mm explained: lead screw
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